An Explainable model for diagnosing different grades of Brain Tumor

Document Type : Research articles

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Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Benha University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

A brain tumor is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of cells in the brain due to genetic mutations in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of these cells’ genes. There are four grades of brain tumor development. So the doctor must detect the grade to which the patient has arrived to develop the appropriate treatment plan but this tumor grade detection process is difficult. For this reason, in this research we propose an accurate detection of brain tumor disease utilizing various deep learning and machine learning techniques. In this research two publicly available datasets used: FigShare and Rembrandt dataset. The pre-trained MobileNet model was trained on only axial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images from the two datasets. The pre-trained MobileNet was fine-tuned for feature extraction. Then applied ML mod￾els (Random Forest, Support vector machine and Decision tree) to classify brain tumor types from the first dataset and brain tumor grades from the second dataset. Which achieved superior accuracy compared to other models 99% and 99.74% accuracy for the two datasets. To explain the results from the pre-trained MobileNet model, two types of XAI methods were applied: Grad-CAM and Shap.

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