Methods of dealing with informal housing areas in Egypt” “Removal and redevelopment”| أساليب التعامل مع مناطق الاسكان اللارسمى فى مصر “الازالة واعادة التطوير

In light of the urban development that all countries of the world, especially Egypt seek to improve the conditions of their cities and provide the their population needs, the study aims to identify the concept of informal housing areas, and their  values  even with the usual view of them as a burden on the state. Understanding the classification on the basis of dealing with those areas, which is divided into insecure areas and unplanned areas through two main directions: The first is existing development (supply of public facilities, sectoral development, planning and partial restructuring of urbanism) and this trend maintains the urban fabric and existing facilities While the second direction is removal and redevelopment (complete development in the same location, complete development with the transfer of the population to another location), this trend involves replacing a large amount of the urban environment, Where the appropriate method is chosen according to the nature of each region, from the beginning Implementation of the national project to solve the problem of slums, which started in 2015/2016, the state focused on insecure areas, and worked to accelerate development processes in the form of an urgent plan for a period of 4 years ending in 2020/2021 as it targeted areas of first-degree life-threatening danger that did not succeed Any solution with it except for replacement and resettlement in other places, then second-degree dangerous areas, which are due to be completed according to the development plan - Egypt Vision 2030 .Understanding informal residential areas, the values they possess, and the classification applied to them, and on the basis of which they are dealt with, ensure the success of the removal and redevelopment project. Therefore, it was necessary to attempt to reach a proposed entrance to deal with the targeted informal residential areas and to remove and redevelop them.
 
ﻓﻰ ﺿوء اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﻣراﻧﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻰ ﺗﺳﻌﻰ ﻟﮭﺎ دول اﻟﻌﺎﻟم ﻋﺎﻣﺔ  وﻣﺻر ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻟﺗﺣﺳﯾن أوﺿـﺎع اﻟﻣـدن ﺑﮭـﺎ، وﺗـوﻓﯾر اﺣﺗﯾﺎﺟـﺎت اﻟﺳـﻛﺎن،  ﺗﮭـدف اﻟدراﺳﺔ اﻟﻰ اﻟﺗﻌرف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻔﮭوم ﻣﻧﺎطﻖ اﻻﺳﻛﺎن اﻟﻼرﺳﻣﻰ ، واﻟﻘﯾم اﻟﺗﻰ ﺗﻣﺗﻠﻛﮭﺎ ﺗﻠك اﻟﻣﻧﺎطﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟرﻏم ﻣن اﻟﻧظـرة اﻟﻣﻌﺗـﺎدة ﻟﮭـﺎ ﺑﺄﻋﺗﺑﺎرھـﺎ ﻋﺑﺋﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟدوﻟﺔ. وﻓﮭم اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾف اﻟذى ﯾﺗم ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺎﺳﮫ اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻊ ﺗﻠك اﻟﻣﻧﺎطﻖ واﻟذى ﯾﻧﻘﺳم اﻟﻰ ﻣﻧﺎطﻖ ﻏﯾر اﻣﻧﺔ وﻣﻧﺎطﻖ ﻏﯾـر ﻣﺧططـﺔ ﻣـن ﺧﻼل اﺗﺟﺎھﯾن رﺋﯾﺳﯾﯾن : اﻻول ھو اﻟﺗطوﯾر اﻟﻘﺎﺋم ) اﻣداد ﺑﻣراﻓﻖ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ، ﺗطوﯾر ﻗطﺎﻋﻰ، ﺗﺧطﯾط واﻋﺎدة ھﯾﻛﻠﺔ ﺟزﺋﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻣران( وﯾﺣﺎﻓظ ھـذا اﻻﺗﺟﺎه ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻧﺳﯾﺞ اﻟﻌﻣراﻧﻰ واﻟﻣﻧﺷﺎت اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ ، ﺑﯾﻧﻣﺎ اﻻﺗﺟﺎه اﻟﺛﺎﻧﻰ ھو اﻻزاﻟﺔ واﻋﺎدة اﻟﺗطـوﯾر ) اﻟﺗطـوﯾر اﻟﻛﺎﻣـل ﻓـﻰ ذات اﻟﻣوﻗـﻊ، ﺗطـوﯾر ﻛﺎﻣل ﻣﻊ ﻧﻘل اﻟﺳﻛﺎن ﻟﻣوﻗﻊ اﺧر( ﯾﻧطوى ھذا اﻻﺗﺟﺎه ﻋﻠﻰ اﺣﻼل ﻗدر ﻛﺑﯾر ﻣن اﻟﺑﯾﺋـﺔ اﻟﻌﻣراﻧﯾـﺔ ، ﺣﯾـث ﯾـﺗم اﺧﺗﯾـﺎر اﻻﺳـﻠوب اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳـب وﻓـﻖ طﺑﯾﻌﺔ ﻛل ﻣﻧطﻘﺔ، ﻓﻣﻧذ ﺑداﯾﺔ ﺗﻧﻔﯾذ اﻟﻣﺷروع اﻟﻘوﻣﻰ ﻟﺣل ﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﺷـواﺋﯾﺎت واﻟـذى اﻧطﻠـﻖ ﻋـﺎم 2016/2015، ﻗﺎﻣـت اﻟدوﻟـﺔ ﺑـﺎﻟﺗرﻛﯾز ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟﻣﻧﺎطﻖ ﻏﯾر اﻵﻣﻧﺔ ،  وﻋﻣﻠت  ﻋﻠﻰ إﺳراع ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻟﺗطـوﯾر  ﺑﮭـﺎ    ﻓـﻲ ﺷـﻛل ﺧطـﺔ ﻋﺎﺟﻠـﺔ ﻟﻣـدة 4 ﺳـﻧوا ﺗﺗﻧﺗﻧﮭﻰ ﻋـﺎم   2021 /2020ﺣﯾـث اﺳﺗﮭدﻓت ﻣﻧﺎطﻖ ﺧطورة اﻟدرﺟﺔ اﻻوﻟﻰ اﻟﻣﮭددة ﻟﻠﺣﯾﺎة واﻟﺗﻰ ﻻ ﯾﻔﻠﺢ اى ﺣل ﻣﻌﮭﺎ ﺳوى اﻻﺣﻼل واﻋﺎدة اﻟﺗوطﯾن ﻓﻰ اﻣﺎﻛن اﺧرى ، ﺛم ﻣﻧﺎطﻖ ﺧطورة اﻟدرﺟﺔ اﻟﺛﺎﻧﯾﺔ واﻟﻣﻘرر اﻻﻧﺗﮭﺎء ﻣﻧﮭﺎ وﻓﻖ ﺧطﺔ اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ  -  رؤﯾﺔ ﻣﺻر  2030، وﯾﺿﻣن    ﻓﮭم  ﻣﻧﺎطﻖ اﻻﺳﻛﺎن اﻟﻼرﺳـﻣﻰ واﻟﻘـﯾم اﻟﺗـﻰ ﺗﻣﺗﻠﻛﮭﺎ واﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾف اﻟﻣﺗﺑﻊ ﻟﮭﺎ وﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺎﺳﮫ ﯾﺗم  اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻌﮭﺎ ، ﻧﺟﺎح ﻣﺷروع اﻻزاﻟﺔ واﻋﺎدة اﻟﺗطوﯾر . وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻰ  ﻛﺎن ﻻﺑد ﻣن  ﻣﺣﺎوﻟﺔ اﻟﺗوﺻل .اﻟﻰ ﻣدﺧل ﻣﻘﺗرح/ اطﺎر  ﻟﻠﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻊ ﻣﻧﺎطﻖ اﻻﺳﻛﺎن اﻟﻼرﺳﻣﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﮭدف ازاﻟﺗﮭﺎ واﻋﺎدة ﺗطوﯾرھﺎ.