Effect of Intersection Control Type on Vehicle Emissions: A Case Study in Egypt

Document Type : Research articles

Authors

Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Benha University

Abstract

The climate change due to transport projects has received a great attention in the recent decade. Any new transport project should be planned not only for its physical aspects as right-of-way, cost and safety, but also for its impact on the environment. The environmental quality degradation substantially increases the cost of this project. In Egypt, the choice of intersection control type in a new project depends only on the performance and the cost. This study focuses on the environmental aspect as a comparison screen for the intersection evaluation. The study investigated four intersection types including; two-way stop control, midblock U-turn, roundabout and traffic signal intersections in terms of the environmental influences. On-board measurements from test vehicles including; speed, time, position, fuel consumption and emissions of CO2, HC, NOX and CO have been collected. By using statistical methods, the differences in fuel consumption and emission contribution have been estimated and compared for each type of intersection. The study found that two-way stop control intersections and midblock U-turns exert low fuel and low emissions in light traffic. In medium traffic volume, the roundabout would be the suitable alternative. As the traffic volume increases, the roundabout experiences a significant increase in delays and emissions compared to the traffic signal intersection. In this case, traffic signal would be the best choice.

Keywords

Engineering Research Journal (Shoubra)
Volume 51, Issue 4
October 2022
Pages 42-52

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